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Dietary factors associated with plasma high molecular and total adiponectin levels in apparently healthy women

M Yannakoulia, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, 17671, Greece
N Yiannakouris, Department of Home Economics and Ecology, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
L Melistas, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
E Fappa, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
N Vidra, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
M Kontogianni, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
C Mantzoros, Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, United States

Correspondence: Mary Yannakoulia, Email: myiannak{at}hua.gr

Abstract

Objective: Our aim was to investigate associations between dietary factors and high molecular (HMW) as well as total adiponectin in a sample of apparently healthy adult, Mediterranean women.

Design and Methods: Two hundred twenty women were enrolled in this study. Anthropometric and body composition measurements were performed in all subjects. Fasting blood samples were taken; HMW and total adiponectin concentrations were measured. Food intake was evaluated using 3-day food records. The frequency of consumption of several food groups was approximately quantified in terms of number of servings per day. Furthermore, dietary intakes of betaine, choline and free choline were estimated.

Results: Women in the highest HMW adiponectin tertile had higher fruit intake compared to those with lower levels, after adjusting for potential confounders (P=0.04). On the contrary, dietary betaine and choline intakes were not different among HMW adiponectin tertiles. In linear models, fruit consumption, controlling for biological and lifestyle variables, was significantly related to HMW adiponectin (partial r=0.15, P=0.04), but the association with total adiponectin did not reach statistical significance (partial r=0.11, P=0.12). A significant negative correlation between total adiponectin and refined cereals was also observed (partial r=-0.16, P=0.03).

Discussion: This is the first study that evaluates associations between dietary factors and HMW adiponectin levels. The associations found are moderate and indicate that, after multivariate adjustment, fruit consumption is related to HMW adiponectin in both linear and non-linear models.