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Correction of iodine deficiency: benefits and possible side effects

The iodine requirements in humans are 90 µg/day in infants and children aged 0–6 years, 120 µg/day in prepubertal children, 150 µg/day in adolescents and adults and 200 µg/day in pregnant and lactating women (1, 2). When the physiological requirements of iodine are not met in a given population, a series of functional and developmental abnormalities occur, including thyroid function abnormalities and, when iodine deficiency is severe, endemic goiter and cretinism, endemic mental retardation, decreased fertility rate, increased perinatal death and infant mortality. These complications, which constitute a hindrance to the development of the affected populations, are grouped under the general heading of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) (3). Based on the most recent evaluation (4), IDD currently represent a significant public health problem for 1571 million people in 118 countries. Twenty million of these are believed to be significantly mentally handicapped as a result of iodine deficiency (5), which, therefore, constitutes probably the

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				N. Knudsen, I. Bulow, P. Laurberg, L. Ovesen, H. Perrild, and T. Jorgensen Association of Tobacco Smoking With Goiter in a Low-Iodine-Intake Area Arch Intern Med, February 25, 2002; 162(4): 439 - 443. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. P. A. Smyth, A. M. T. Hetherton, D.F. Smith, M. Radcliff, and C. O'Herlihy Maternal Iodine Status and Thyroid Volume during Pregnancy: Correlation with Neonatal Iodine Intake J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 1997; 82(9): 2840 - 2843. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]